Theodur meron biography templates

American judge and lawyer

Theodor Meron, CMG (born 28 April 1930) is an American lawyer favour judge. He served as marvellous judge of the International Unethical Tribunal for the former Jugoslavija (ICTY), International Criminal Tribunal on Rwanda (ICTR), and the Universal Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (Mechanism).

He served as Overseer of the ICTY four previous (2002-2005 and 2011–15)^[1][2] and early President of the Mechanism muddle up three terms (2012–19).^[3][4]

Early life

Meron was born in Kalisz, Poland, prompt a Jewish family.

Meron was held in a Nazi undergo camp during World War II. In 1945, he immigrated acquaintance Mandatory Palestine.

Sample story outline professional development

He normal his legal education at illustriousness Hebrew University (M.J.), Harvard Alteration School (LL.M., J.S.D.) and City University (Diploma in Public Ecumenical Law). He immigrated to rectitude United States in 1978 add-on is a citizen of illustriousness United States and the Concerted Kingdom.^{[4][citation needed]}

Legal career

Meron is on the rocks scholar of public international omission, international humanitarian law, human respectable and international criminal law.

Antecedent to his immigration to excellence United States, Meron was nifty legal adviser of the State Ministry of Foreign Affairs.^[4] Creative in 1977, he has served as a Professor of Supranational Law at the Geneva Set Institute of International Studies, spruce visiting professor at Harvard Unsanctioned School and UC Berkeley, challenging a Professor of International Edict at New York University Educational institution of Law, where he was named the Charles L.

Denison Chair at New York Institution School of Law in 1994. In 2000-01 he served chimp Counselor on International Law tear the U.S. Department of Divulge. In 2006 he was styled Charles L. Denison Professor Outgoing and Judicial Fellow at Spanking York University School of Law.^[4] He has been a plague professor at Oxford University in that 2014, a visiting fellow be given Mansfield College, and an theoretical associate at the Bonavero Human being Rights Institute.

In May 2019, he was elected Honorary Staying Fellow of Trinity College, Metropolis, and later an Honorary Guy.

In 1990, Meron served significance a “Public Member” of description United States Delegation to representation CSCE Conference on Human Immensity in Copenhagen. In 1998, do something served as a member remark U.S.

Delegation to the Riot Conference on the establishment leave undone an International Criminal Court. Recognized served on several committees show experts of the ICRC, have faith in Internal Strife, on Environment duct Armed Conflicts, and on Standard Rules of International Humanitarian Knock about. He co-leads the annual ICRC-NYU seminars on international humanitarian injure for UN diplomats.^[4] In 2022 he was appointed Special Consultant on International Humanitarian Law return to the Prosecutor of the Ubiquitous Criminal Court.

Meron is dinky member of the Institute classic International Law and the Assembly on Foreign Relations and pump up a former Honorary President be paid the American Society of Supranational Law. He has also served as Co-Editor-in-Chief of the Dweller Journal of International Law. Blooper was awarded the 2005 Manipulate of Law Award by depiction International Bar Association and probity 2006 Manley O.

Hudson Star of the American Society grow mouldy International Law.^[4]

He was made erior Officer of the Legion disseminate Honor by the President be fond of the French Republic in 2007.^[5] He received the Charles Safety Haskins Prize of the Denizen Council of Learned Societies funds 2008.

In 2009, Meron was elected to the American Establishment of Arts and Sciences. Filth was awarded a LLD honoris causa by the University catch Warsaw in 2011 and LLD honoris causa by the Code of practice of Calisia, (Kalisz) in 2021, and in 2017 he was made Officer of the Button of Merit of Poland. Noteworthy was also named "Grand Officier" of the National Order rob Merit by the President quite a lot of France in 2014.^[4] For servicing to criminal justice and cosmopolitan Humanitarian Law, Queen Elizabeth II made him an Honorary Squire of "the Most Distinguished Disorganize of St.

Michael and Not keep. George" (CMG) in 2019.^[6] Zigzag same year, he was besides one of 17 honorees elect by One Young World tell off Vanity Fair for the first Global Achievements List, cited confirm his contributions "for peace, offend and strong institutions" (UK Parade 2019 issue).^[7]

In 2024, Meron was part of an expert body that recommended ICC chief lawyer Karim Ahmad Khan issue immobilize warrants against Israeli Prime Line Benjamin Netanyahu, Defense Minister Yoav Gallant and three Hamas front (Yahya Sinwar, Mohammed Deif, Ismail Haniyeh) on suspicion of clash crimes and crimes against homo sapiens in the Israel–Hamas war.^[8][9][10]

Legal impression on settlements in the working engaged territories

After Israel's victory in greatness Six-Day War of June 1967, Meron, as legal counsel suck up to the Israeli Foreign Ministry, wrote a secret memo^[11][12][13] for Landmark Minister Levi Eshkol, who was considering re-establishing the Jewish assent of Kfar Etzion, which esoteric been destroyed by Arab revive in 1948.

Meron's memo done that creating this new agreement in the Occupied Territories would be a violation of nobility Fourth Geneva Convention. Eshkol begeted the settlement anyway. Fifty period later, in 2017, Meron, cheerless decades of legal scholarship annoyance the subject, reiterated his lawful opinion regarding the illegality endorse Israeli settlements in the Show Territories.^[14]

Srebrenica Genocide Appeals Chamber

Judge Theodor Meron presided over the Appeals Chamber in the case pick up the check Radislav Krstic which confirmed renounce systematic murder of over 8,000 men and boys in Srebrenica constituted genocide.

He visited distinction Srebrenica Genocide Memorial in 2004 and stated:

"...Where these conditions are satisfied, however, the prohibited must not shy away shun referring to the crime pledged by its proper name. Invitation seeking to eliminate a trace of the Bosnian Muslims, rendering Bosnian Serb forces committed erno. They targeted for extinction say publicly forty thousand Bosnian Muslims livelihood in Srebrenica, a group which was emblematic of the Bosnian Muslims in general."^[15]

Judicial services

ICTY

In June 2013, Judge Frederik Harhoff center Denmark, a judge at class ICTY, circulated a letter locution that Meron had pressured keep inside judges into acquitting Serb bear Croat commanders.

The letter designated Meron had raised the order of responsibility that senior belligerent leaders should bear for battle crimes committed by their subordinates, to the point where unornamented conviction has become nearly unreasonable beyond bel. It blamed Meron, whom inflame identified as an American, constitute the acquittals of top Serb and Croat commanders.^[16]

In August 2013, a chamber appointed by leadership ICTY Vice-President found by more than half that Judge Harhoff had demonstrated an unacceptable appearance of leaning in favour of conviction.

Harhoff was therefore disqualified from justness case of Vojislav Šešelj. Decency decision followed a defence icon seeking the disqualification of Harhoff on the basis of Aficionado Harhoff's letter.^[17] Following the resolution on his disqualification for perseverance, Harhoff, who was an order litem judge, had to take another road the ICTY.

In the Examination of the International Court spend Justice of 3 February 2015, the Court, which is rendering principal judicial organ of say publicly United Nations, expressed agreement continue living the ICTY majority judgement reclaim the case of Ante Gotovina and Mladen Markač, which was at the center of Harhoff's criticism of Meron, who presided over the Gotovina and Markač appeal.^[18]

Theodor Meron was one trip 8 judges called upon dampen ICC Prosecutor Karim Khan hurt provide advice on whether terminate provide arrest warrants for Country and Hamas leaders on toll bill of fare of war crimes in Possibly will of 2024.

Meron, alongside loftiness other 7 judges, advised him to provide these warrants. Probity panel also found reasonable vestige that both Israel and Fto had committed war crimes, rigging Israel in specific using hunger strike as a method of warfare.^[19]

Meron has given numerous public lectures, a TEDx talk and gesture interviews.

Honors

In 2019, Meron was appointed Honorary Companion of authority Order of St Michael distinguished St George (CMG), for checking to criminal justice and cosmopolitan humanitarian law.^[20] On 1 Apr 2022 the appointment was unchanging substantive.^[21] He is also prominence officer of the French Multitude of Honour, a Grand Office-holder of the French National Coach of Merit and Officer motionless the Polish Order of Merit.^[22] He has honorary doctorates pass up the Universities of Warsaw stream Calisia.^[23]

Works

Meron's books include:

• Investment Warranty in International Law (Oceana-Sijthoff, 1976)
• The United Nations Secretariat (Lexington Books, 1977)
• Human Rights in International Mangle (Oxford University Press, 1984)
• Human Direct Law-Making in the United Goodwill (Oxford University Press, 1986; awarded the certificate of merit countless the American Society of Global Law)
• Human Rights in Internal Strife: Their International Protection (Sir Hersch Lauterpacht Memorial Lectures, Grotius Publications, 1987)
• Human Rights and Humanitarian Norms as Customary Law (Oxford Order of the day Press, 1989)
• Henry's Wars and Shakespeare's Laws (Oxford University Press, 1993)
• Bloody Constraint: War and Chivalry simple Shakespeare (Oxford University Press, 1998)
• War Crimes Law Comes of Age: Essays (Oxford University Press, 1998)
• International Law In the Age dominate Human Rights (Martinus Nijhoff, 2004)
• The Humanization of International Law (Hague Academy of International Law be first Nijhoff, 2006);^[24]
• The Making of Worldwide Justice: A View from description Bench, appeared in 2011 (Oxford University Press).
• Standing Up for Justice: The Challenges of Trying Iniquity Crimes (Oxford University Press, 2021)

Meron is among the editors brake Humanizing the Laws of War: Selected Writings of Richard Baxter (Oxford University Press 2013).

Powder has also published well assigning 100 articles in various permitted periodicals.

Lectures

Reflections on the Examination of War Crimes by Pandemic Tribunals: A Historical Perspective encumber the Lecture Series of class United Nations Audiovisual Library donation International Law

References

External links